When it comes to maple syrup, you don’t necessarily think of New Jersey. However, the Stockton Maple Project, now in its sixth year, is growing in how much maple syrup it produces and how it involves Stockton University students in the process.
The project recently received a $273,000 grant from the United States Department of Agriculture’s Acer Access and Development program, and a portion of that funding strengthens student research and involvement.
“The program supports projects that strengthen the domestic maple syrup industry through research, education, natural resource sustainability, marketing and maple-sugaring activities,” said Mariam Majd, Stockton associate professor of economics. Majd said Acer is the Latin name for the maple tree genus.
Majd said the project has supported dozens of students working in Stockton’s maple grove — just off Vera King Farris Drive on campus — to tap trees, collect sap, and help bottle and label the syrup. Students have also been hired through the grant to promote the project and help with educational and community engagement efforts. There are also several active student research projects that the grant helps fund.
“The research components of our grants are especially important because they allow us not only to advance the maple industry but also to mentor Stockton students in the research process,” Majd said.
Senior Kayla Mathes has been fascinated with the Maple Project since her first year at Stockton, but she hasn’t had an opportunity to take part in it until this year when she needed a senior project for her environmental studies major.
“I’m not from New Jersey and I knew nothing about the Jersey forests prior to all this,” said the Bucks County, Pennsylvania, native. “I didn’t know that red maples were so abundant to where you could tap them in your own backyard. I love the sugar bush. I think everything about the Maple Project is really cool.”
Mathes approached Matthew Olson, a Stockton associate professor of environmental studies, to see if there were any research opportunities tied to the Maple Project. Olson was just about to begin a new study comparing tapped maple trees in Stockton’s grove and trees outside the grove that aren’t tapped.
“We are trying to learn how tapping vs. not tapping affects tree growth,” Mathes said.
Mathes and Olson identified and marked 15 trees in the current Maple Grove, making sure they are of varying size, growing in similar topography and spaced out. Then they did the same thing in another part of the maple forest surrounding Stockton that has not been tapped for sap to create a control group.
On a recent visit to the grove, Mathes measured the diameter of the marked trees using DBH (diameter at breast height) tape and also plotted their locations using GPS equipment.
“The trees in the grove have been on vacuum for six years now. Hopefully we can see what it did, if anything, to the growth of the trees,” she said, explaining how the vacuum process draws the sap out of the tree so it can be collected in one place through a series of tubes.
Later this spring, Olson and Mathes will take pencil-sized cores of each of the trees and compare the size of the rings. Olson said some grant money was used to upgrade and buy new equipment so the university can do full-fledged tree ring analysis.
“We also want to get an estimate on how much sap individual trees are producing,” Olson said. “We don’t have a lot of data on the sap yield of individual trees, and how much that varies based on their size and condition. We plan to track sap yields of at least 12 trees to understand year to year variation.”
In the future, Olson said he would also like to compare the difference in sap production between bucket collection and the vacuum system and how that affects the trees. He’d also like to replicate the tree ring analysis on trees growing on some of the Maple Project’s partners off campus.
